发布需求
弹框在页面开发中很是常见，通过弹框，可以在不中断用户使用流程的前提下，告知其应该如何进行下一步操作，极大提升用户体验。下面在代码层面介绍一个弹框样例。
最终效果：
HTML代码：
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>模态框</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="./index.css"> </head> <body> <!-- 触发按钮 --> <button id="triggerBtn">模态框</button> <!-- 模态框 --> <div id="myModal" class="modal"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h2>头部</h2> <span id="closeBtn" class="close">×</span> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <p>这是一个模态框！</p> <p>喜欢就点个赞吧！</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <h3>尾部</h3> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" src="./index.js"></script> </body>
CSS代码：
/*模态框*/
#triggerBtn{
margin: 0 auto;
display: block;
margin-top: 50px;
background: crimson;
color: #fff;
width: 100px;
height: 50px;
border: none;
outline: none;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 20px;
cursor: pointer;
}
#triggerBtn:hover{
opacity: 0.7;
}
.modal {
display: none; /* 默认隐藏 */
position: fixed; /* 根据浏览器定位 */
z-index: 1; /* 放在顶部 */
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%; /* 全宽 */
height: 100%; /* 全高 */
overflow: auto; /* 允许滚动 */
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.4); /* 背景色 */
}
/*模态框内容*/
.modal-content {
display: flex; /*采用flexbox布局*/
flex-direction: column; /*垂直排列*/
position: relative;
background-color: #fefefe;
margin: 15% auto; /*距顶部15% 水平居中*/
padding: 20px;
border: 1px solid #888;
width: 80%;
animation: topDown 0.4s; /*自定义动画，从模态框内容上到下出现*/
}
@keyframes topDown {
from {top: -300px; opacity: 0}
to {top: 0; opacity: 1}
}
/*模态框头部*/
.modal-header {
display: flex; /*采用flexbox布局*/
flex-direction: row; /*水平布局*/
align-items: center; /*内容垂直居中*/
justify-content: space-between;
}
/*关闭X 样式*/
.close {
color: #aaa;
float: right;
font-size: 28px;
font-weight: bold;
}
.close:hover {
color: black;
text-decoration: none;
cursor: pointer;
}
JS代码：
(function() {
/*建立模态框对象*/
var modalBox = {};
/*获取模态框*/
modalBox.modal = document.getElementById("myModal");
/*获得trigger按钮*/
modalBox.triggerBtn = document.getElementById("triggerBtn");
/*获得关闭按钮*/
modalBox.closeBtn = document.getElementById("closeBtn");
/*模态框显示*/
modalBox.show = function() {
console.log(this.modal);
this.modal.style.display = "block";
}
/*模态框关闭*/
modalBox.close = function() {
this.modal.style.display = "none";
}
/*当用户点击模态框内容之外的区域，模态框也会关闭*/
modalBox.outsideClick = function() {
var modal = this.modal;
window.onclick = function(event) {
if(event.target == modal) {
modal.style.display = "none";
}
}
}
/*模态框初始化*/
modalBox.init = function() {
var that = this;
this.triggerBtn.onclick = function() {
that.show();
}
this.closeBtn.onclick = function() {
that.close();
}
this.outsideClick();
}
modalBox.init();
})();
CSS代码中已经添加了动画效果，下面再介绍一些其他的动画效果：
/*弹层动画（从上往下）*/
.fadeIn {
-webkit-animation: fadeInDown .3s;
animation: fadeInDown .3s;
}
@keyframes fadeInDown {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -20%, 0);
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -20%, 0);
transform: translate3d(0, -20%, 0);
transform: translate3d(0, -20%, 0);
opacity: 0;
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
transform: none;
opacity: 1;
}
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeInDown {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, -20%, 0);
opacity: 0;
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
opacity: 1;
}
}
/*弹层动画（从下往上）*/
.fadelogIn {
-webkit-animation: fadelogIn .4s;
animation: fadelogIn .4s;
}
@keyframes fadelogIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 100%, 0);
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 100%, 0);
transform: translate3d(0, 100%, 0);
transform: translate3d(0, 100%, 0);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
transform: none;
}
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadelogIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(0, 100%, 0);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
}
}
/*弹层动画（从右往左）*/
.fadeleftIn {
-webkit-animation: fadeleftIn .4s;
animation: fadeleftIn .4s;
}
@keyframes fadeleftIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
-webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
transform: none;
}
}
@-webkit-keyframes fadeleftIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: translate3d(100%, 0, 0);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: none;
}
}
/*弹层动画（放大）*/
.popIn {
-webkit-animation: fadeleftIn .4s;
animation: fadeleftIn .4s;
-webkit-animation-name: popIn;
animation-name: popIn;
}
@-webkit-keyframes popIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: scale3d(0, 0, 0);
transform: scale3d(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
opacity: 0;
}
50% {
-webkit-animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.47, 0, 0.745, 0.715);
animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.47, 0, 0.745, 0.715);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: scale3d(1, 1, 1);
transform: scale3d(1, 1, 1);
-webkit-animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
opacity: 1;
}
}
@keyframes popIn {
0% {
-webkit-transform: scale3d(0, 0, 0);
transform: scale3d(0.5, 0.5, 0.5);
opacity: 0;
}
50% {
-webkit-animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.47, 0, 0.745, 0.715);
animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.47, 0, 0.745, 0.715);
}
100% {
-webkit-transform: scale3d(1, 1, 1);
transform: scale3d(1, 1, 1);
-webkit-animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
animation-timing-function: cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94);
opacity: 1;
}
}
快去尝试一下吧~
我来说两句